HPUX man pages für Kapitel 1 HPUX man pages für Kapitel 1
ImageMagick - ImageMagick is an X11 package for display and interactive manipulation of images.
imageview - display bit-mapped image files on an X11 display
PHIGS_3.0.Cvt : PHIGS PLUS CONVERSION AID - gives hints for converting to ISO PHIGS PLUS
SXaddTelepointer - HP SharedX Command Line Interface
SXallowDaisychain - HP SharedX Command Line Interface
SXdeleteTelepointer - HP SharedX Command Line Interface
SXdisconnect - HP SharedX Command Line Interface
SXgetSenderStatus - HP SharedX Command Line Interface
SXgetTelepointerStatus - HP SharedX Command Line Interface
SXqueryWindow - HP SharedX Command Line Interface
SXreceiverInput - HP SharedX Command Line Interface
SXsetOptions - HP SharedX Command Line Interface
SXshareAlone - HP SharedX Command Line Interface
SXshareAlone - HP SharedX Command Line Interface
SXshareSame - HP SharedX Command Line Interface
SXunshare - HP SharedX Command Line Interface
SXupdateAuthorization - HP SharedX Command Line Interface
SharedX - HP SharedX
TEX - TeX and LaTeX typesetter and printer.
X - a portable, network-transparent window system
Xserver : X - X Window System server
a2p - Awk to Perl translator
a2ps - formats an ascii file for printing on a postscript printer
acm - an aerial combat simulator for X11
ad2c - convert resource files to C declarations
adb - absolute debugger
addftinfo - add information to troff font files for use with groff
adjust - simple text formatter
admin - create and administer SCCS files
afm2tfm - convert Adobe font metrics to TeX font metrics
afmtodit - create font files for use with groff -Tps
amslatex - structured text formatting and typesetting
amstex - structured text formatting and typesetting
animate - display a sequence of images on any workstation running X
ansitape - ANSI-standard magtape label program
ansitar - read or write ANSI multifile labeled tapes
answer - phone message transcription system
anytopnm - attempt to convert an unknown type of image file to a portable anymap
ar - maintain portable archives and libraries
archie - query the Archie anonymous FTP databases using Prospero
as - assembler
as_300 : as - assembler for MC68000, MC68010, MC68020, MC68030 and MC68040
as_400 : as - assembler for MC68000, MC68010, MC68020, MC68030 and MC68040
as_700 : as - assembler (Precision Architecture)
as_800 : as - assembler (Precision Architecture)
asa - interpret ASA carriage control characters
asedit - an X editor built around Motif text widget
astrn - translate assembly language
atch - execute commands at a later time
atime - time an assembly language instruction sequence
atktopbm - convert Andrew Toolkit raster object to portable bitmap
atrans - translate assembly language
audiocompose - Compose an audio fragment for inclusion in a mail message
audiosend - Send an audio email message
autoreply - Automatic mail reply system
awk - pattern-directed scanning and processing language
banner - make posters in large letters
basename - extract portions of path names
bash - GNU Bourne-Again SHell
bash_builtins - bash ,: , ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, bye, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, source, suspend, test, times, trap, type, typeset, ulimit, umask, unalias, unset, until, wait, while - bash built-in commands, see bash(1) BASH BUILTIN COMMANDS : [arguments] No effect; the command does nothing beyond expanding arguments and performing any specified redirections. A zero exit code is returned. . filename [arguments] source filename [arguments] Read and execute commands from filename in the current shell environment and return the exit status of the last command executed from filename. If filename does not contain a slash, pathnames in PATH are used to find the directory containing filename. The file searched for in PATH need not be executable. The current directory is searched if no file is found in PATH. If any arguments are supplied, they become the positional parameters when file is executed. Otherwise the positional parameters are unchanged. The return status is the status of the last command exited within the script (0 if no commands are executed), and false if filename is not found. alias [name[=value] ...] Alias with no arguments prints the list of aliases in the form name=value on standard output. When arguments are supplied, an alias is defined for each name whose value is given. A trailing space in value causes the next word to be checked for alias substitution when the alias is expanded. For each name in the argument list for which no value is supplied, the name and value of the alias is printed. Alias returns true unless a name is given for which no alias has been defined. bg [jobspec] Place jobspec in the background, as if it had been started with &. If jobspec is not present, the shell's notion of the current job is used. bg jobspec returns 0 unless run when job control is disabled or, when run with job control enabled, if jobspec was not found or started without job control. bind [-m keymap] [-lvd] [-q name] bind [-m keymap] -f filename bind [-m keymap] keyseq:function-name Display current readline key and function bindings, or bind a key sequence to a readline function or macro. The binding syntax - 1 - Formatted: August 11, 1996 BASH_BUILTINS(1) GNU BASH_BUILTINS(1) 1993 August 9 accepted is identical to that of .inputrc, but each binding must be passed as a separate argument; e.g., '"\C-x\C-r": re-read- init-file'. Options, if supplied, have the following meanings: -m keymap Use keymap as the keymap to be affected by the subsequent bindings. Acceptable keymap names are emacs, emacs- standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move, vi-command, and vi-insert. vi is equivalent to vi-command. -l List the names of all readline functions -v List current function names and bindings -d Dump function names and bindings in such a way that they can be re-read -f filename Read key bindings from filename -q function Query about which keys invoke the named function The return value is 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or an error occurred. break [n] Exit from within a for, while, or until loop. If n is specified, break n levels. n must be _ 1. If n is greater than the number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are exited. The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a loop when break is executed. builtin shell-builtin [arguments] Execute the specified shell builtin, passing it arguments, and return its exit status. This is useful when you wish to define a function whose name is the same as a shell builtin, but need the functionality of the builtin within the function itself. The cd builtin is commonly redefined this way. The return status is false if shell-builtin is not a shell builtin command. cd [dir] Change the current directory to dir. The variable HOME is the default dir. The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing dir. Alternative directory names are separated by a colon (:). A null directory name in CDPATH is the same as the current directory, i.e., ``.''. If dir begins with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used. An argument of - is equivalent to $OLDPWD. The return value is true if the directory was successfully changed; false otherwise. command [-pVv] command [arg ...] Run command with args suppressing the normal shell function lookup. Only builtin commands or commands found in the PATH are executed. If the -p option is given, the search for command is performed using a default value for PATH that is guaranteed to find all of the standard utilities. If either the -V or -v - 2 - Formatted: August 11, 1996 BASH_BUILTINS(1) GNU BASH_BUILTINS(1) 1993 August 9 option is supplied, a description of command is printed. The -v option causes a single word indicating the command or pathname used to invoke command to be printed; the -V option produces a more verbose description. An argument of -- disables option checking for the rest of the arguments. If the -V or -v option is supplied, the exit status is 0 if command was found, and 1 if not. If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or command cannot be found, the exit status is 127. Otherwise, the exit status of the command builtin is the exit status of command. continue [n] Resume the next iteration of the enclosing for, while, or until loop. If n is specified, resume at the nth enclosing loop. n must be _ 1. If n is greater than the number of enclosing loops, the last enclosing loop (the `top-level' loop) is resumed. The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a loop when continue is executed. declare [-frxi] [name[=value]] typeset [-frxi] [name[=value]] Declare variables and/or give them attributes. If no names are given, then display the values of variables instead. The options can be used to restrict output to variables with the specified attribute. -f Use function names only -r Make names readonly. These names cannot then be assigned values by subsequent assignment statements. -x Mark names for export to subsequent commands via the environment. -i The variable is treated as an integer; arithmetic evaluation (see ARITHMETIC EVALUATION ) is performed when the variable is assigned a value. Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead. When used in a function, makes names local, as with the local command. The return value is 0 unless an illegal option is encountered, an attempt is made to define a function using "-f foo=bar", an attempt is made to turn off readonly status for a readonly variable, or an attempt is made to display a non-existant function with -f. dirs [-l] Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories are added to the list with the pushd command; the popd command moves back up through the list. The -l option produces a longer listing; the default listing format uses a tilde to denote the home directory. The return value is 0 unless an illegal option is supplied. echo [-neE] [arg ...] Output the args, separated by spaces. The return status is - 3 - Formatted: August 11, 1996 BASH_BUILTINS(1) GNU BASH_BUILTINS(1) 1993 August 9 always 0. If -n is specified, the trailing newline is suppressed. If the -e option is given, interpretation of the following backslash-escaped characters is enabled. The -E option disables the interpretation of these escape characters, even on systems where they are interpreted by default. \a alert (bell) \b backspace \c suppress trailing newline \f form feed \n new line \r carriage return \t horizontal tab \v vertical tab \\ backslash \nnn the character whose ASCII code is nnn (octal) enable [-n] [-all] [name ...] Enable and disable builtin shell commands. This allows the execution of a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin without specifying a full pathname. If -n is used, each name is disabled; otherwise, names are enabled. For example, to use the test found in PATH instead of the shell builtin version, type ``enable -n test''. If no arguments are given, a list of all enabled shell builtins is printed. If only -n is supplied, a list of all disabled builtins is printed. If only -all is supplied, the list printed includes all builtins, with an indication of whether or not each is enabled. enable accepts -a as a synonym for -all. The return value is 0 unless a name is not a shell builtin. eval [arg ...] The args are read and concatenated together into a single command. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and its exit status is returned as the value of the eval command. If there are no args, or only null arguments, eval returns true. exec [[-] command [arguments]] If command is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process is created. The arguments become the arguments to command. If the first argument is -, the shell places a dash in the zeroth arg passed to command. This is what login does. If the file cannot be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits, unless the shell variable no_exit_on_failed_exec exists, in which case it returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the file cannot be executed. If command is not specified, any redirections take effect in the current shell, and the return status is 0. exit [n] bye [n] Cause the shell to exit with a status of n. If n is omitted, the - 4 - Formatted: August 11, 1996 BASH_BUILTINS(1) GNU BASH_BUILTINS(1) 1993 August 9 exit status is that of the last command executed. A trap on EXIT is executed before the shell terminates. export [-nf] [name[=word]] ... export -p The supplied names are marked for automatic export to the environment of subsequently executed commands. If the -f option is given, the names refer to functions. If no names are given, or if the -p option is supplied, a list of all names that are exported in this shell is printed. The -n option causes the export property to be removed from the named variables. An argument of -- disables option checking for the rest of the arguments. export returns an exit status of true unless an illegal option is encountered or -f is supplied with a name that is not a function. fc [-e ename] [-nlr] [first] [last] fc -s [pat=rep] [cmd] Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from first to last is selected from the history list. First and last may be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning with that string) or as a number (an index into the history list, where a negative number is used as an offset from the current command number). If last is not specified it is set to the current command for listing (so that fc -l -10 prints the last 10 commands) and to first otherwise. If first is not specified it is set to the previous command for editing and -16 for listing. The -n flag suppresses the command numbers when listing. The -r flag reverses the order of the commands. If the -l flag is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Otherwise, the editor given by ename is invoked on a file containing those commands. If ename is not given, the value of the FCEDIT variable is used, and the value of EDITOR if FCEDIT is not set. If neither variable is set, is used. When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and executed. In the second form, the command is re-executed after the substitution old=new is performed. A useful alias to use with this is ``r=fc -s'', so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command beginning with ``cc'' and typing ``r'' re-executes the last command. If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an illegal option is encountered or first or last specify history lines out of range. If the -e option is supplied, the return value is the value of the last command executed or failure if an error occurs with the temporary file of commands. If the second form is used, the return status is that of the command re- executed, unless cmd does not specify a valid history line, in which case fc returns failure. - 5 - Formatted: August 11, 1996 BASH_BUILTINS(1) GNU BASH_BUILTINS(1) 1993 August 9 fg [jobspec] Place jobspec in the foreground, and make it the current job. If jobspec is not present, the shell's notion of the current job is used. The return value is that of the command placed into the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled or, when run with job control enabled, if jobspec does not specify a valid job or jobspec specifies a job that was started without job control. getopts optstring name [args] getopts is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters. optstring contains the option letters to be recognized; if a letter is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an argument, which should be separated from it by white space. Each time it is invoked, getopts places the next option in the shell variable name, initializing name if it does not exist, and the index of the next argument to be processed into the variable OPTIND. OPTIND is initialized to 1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an option requires an argument, getopts places that argument into the variable OPTARG. The shell does not reset OPTIND automatically; it must be manually reset between multiple calls to getopts within the same shell invocation if a new set of parameters is to be used. getopts can report errors in two ways. If the first character of optstring is a colon, silent error reporting is used. In normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when illegal options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the variable OPTERR is set to 0, no error message will be displayed, even if the first character of optstring is not a colon. If an illegal option is seen, getopts places ? into name and, if not silent, prints an error message and unsets OPTARG. If getopts is silent, the option character found is placed in OPTARG and no diagnostic message is printed. If a required argument is not found, and getopts is not silent, a question mark (?) is placed in name, OPTARG is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed. If getopts is silent, then a colon (:) is placed in name and OPTARG is set to the option character found. getopts normally parses the positional parameters, but if more arguments are given in args, getopts parses those instead. getopts returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is found. It returns false if the end of options is encountered or an error occurs. hash [-r] [name] For each name, the full pathname of the command is determined and remembered. The -r option causes the shell to forget all - 6 - Formatted: August 11, 1996 BASH_BUILTINS(1) GNU BASH_BUILTINS(1) 1993 August 9 remembered locations. If no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is printed. An argument of -- disables option checking for the rest of the arguments. The return status is true unless a name is not found or an illegal option is supplied. help [pattern] Display helpful information about builtin commands. If pattern is specified, help gives detailed help on all commands matching pattern; otherwise a list of the builtins is printed. The return status is 0 unless no command matches pattern. history [n] history -rwan [filename] With no options, display the command history list with line numbers. Lines listed with with a * have been modified. An argument of n lists only the last n lines. If a non-option argument is supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not, the value of HISTFILE is used. Options, if supplied, have the following meanings: -a Append the ``new'' history lines (history lines entered since the beginning of the current bash session) to the history file -n Read the history lines not already read from the history file into the current history list. These are lines appended to the history file since the beginning of the current bash session. -r read the contents of the history file and use them as the current history -w write the current history to the history file, overwriting the history file's contents. The return value is 0 unless an illegal option is encountered or an error occurs while reading or writing the history file. jobs [-lnp] [ jobspec ... ] jobs -x command [ args ... ] The first form lists the active jobs. The -l option lists process IDs in addition to the normal information; the -p option lists only the process ID of the job's process group leader. The -n option displays only jobs that have changed status since last notfied. If jobspec is given, output is restricted to information about that job. The return status is 0 unless an illegal option is encountered or an illegal jobspec is supplied. If the -x option is supplied, jobs replaces any jobspec found in command or args with the corresponding process group ID, and executes command passing it args, returning its exit status. kill [-s sigspec | -sigspec] [pid | jobspec] ... - 7 - Formatted: August 11, 1996 BASH_BUILTINS(1) GNU BASH_BUILTINS(1) 1993 August 9 kill -l [signum] Send the signal named by sigspec to the processes named by pid or jobspec. sigspec is either a signal name such as SIGKILL or a signal number. If sigspec is a signal name, the name is case insensitive and may be given with or without the SIG prefix. If sigspec is not present, then SIGTERM is assumed. An argument of -l lists the signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -l is given, the names of the specified signals are listed, and the return status is 0. An argument of -- disables option checking for the rest of the arguments. kill returns true if at least one signal was successfully sent, or false if an error occurs or an illegal option is encountered. let arg [arg ...] Each arg is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated (see ARITHMETIC EVALUATION). If the last arg evaluates to 0, let returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise. local [name[=value]] Create a local variable named name, and assign it value. When local is used within a function, it causes the variable name to have a visible scope restricted to that function and its children. With no operands, local writes a list of local variables to the standard output. It is an error to use local when not within a function. The return status is 0 unless local is used outside a function, or an illegal name is supplied. logout Exit a login shell. popd [+/-n] Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments, removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a cd to the new top directory. +n removes the nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by dirs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd +0'' removes the first directory, ``popd +1'' the second. -n removes the nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by dirs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to last. If the popd command is successful, a dirs is performed as well, and the return status is 0. popd returns false if an illegal option is encountered, the directory stack is empty, a non- existant directory stack entry is specified, or the directory change fails. pushd dir pushd +/-n Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working - 8 - Formatted: August 11, 1996 BASH_BUILTINS(1) GNU BASH_BUILTINS(1) 1993 August 9 directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. +n Rotates the stack so that the nth directory (counting from the left of the list shown by dirs) is at the top. -n Rotates the stack so that the nth directory (counting from the right) is at the top. dir adds dir to the directory stack at the top, making it the new current working directory. If the pushd command is successful, a dirs is performed as well. If the first form is used, pushd returns 0 unless the cd to dir fails. With the second form, pushd returns 0 unless the directory stack is empty, a non-existant directory stack element is specified, or the directory change to the specified new current directory fails. pwd Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory. The path printed contains no symbolic links (but see the
batch - execute commands at a later time
bc - arbitrary-precision arithmetic language
bdftopcf - convert font from Bitmap Distribution Format to Portable Compiled Format
bdftosnf - BDF to SNF font compiler for X11
bdiff - diff for large files
bfs - big file scanner
bibtex - make a bibliography for (La)TeX
bifchgrp - change file owner or group
bifchmod - change mode of a BIF file
bifchown - change file owner or group
bifcp - copy to or from BIF files
biffind - find files in a BIF system
bifls - list contents of BIF directories
bifmkdir - make a BIF directory
bifrmdir - remove BIF files or directories
bifrmdir - remove BIF files or directories
bioradtopgm - convert a Biorad confocal file into a portable graymap
bison - GNU Project parser generator (yacc replacement)
bitimp - generic bitmap to imPress program
bitmap - bitmap editor and converter utilities for X
bmptoppm - convert a BMP file into a portable pixmap
brushtopbm - convert a doodle brush file into a portable bitmap
bs - a compiler/interpreter for modest-sized programs
btoa - encode/decode binary to printable ASCII
buildhash - Interactive spelling checking
C++2LaTeX - a set of LaTeX converters for the whole C family
c++filt - C++ name demangler
c89 - C compiler
cal - print calendar
calendar - reminder service
cancel - send/cancel/alter requests to an LP line printer or plotter
cat - concatenate, copy, and print files
cb - C program beautifier, formatter
cc - C compiler
ccat - compact and uncompact files, and cat them
cccp - The GNU C-Compatible Compiler Preprocessor.
cd - change working directory
cdb - C, C++, FORTRAN, Pascal symbolic debugger
cdc - change the delta commentary of an SCCS delta
cflow - generate C flow graph
cgmiui - HP-PHIGS CGM command line interface interpreter
cgmtohpgl : lpfilter, divpage, fontdl, lprpp, plotdvr, printstat, reverse - filters invoked by lp interface scripts
chacl - add, modify, delete, copy, or summarize access control lists (ACLs) of files
chatr - change program's internal attributes
checkalias - check to see if an alias is defined.
checknr - check nroff/troff files
checkw - check and patch up PXL files whose TFM widths are wrong
chfn - change finger entry
chgrp - change file owner or group
chksnmpd - check connectivity with the SNMP agent
chmod - change file mode
chown - change file owner or group
chsh - change default login shell
chtopx - convert character (chr) format files to pixel (pxl)
ci - check in RCS revisions
ciclient : cicient - Interactive interface to SoftBench control integration (messaging).
cjpeg - compress an image file to a JPEG file
cksum : sum - print checksum and block or byte count of file(s)
clear - clear terminal screen
cmp - compare two files
cmuwmtopbm - convert a CMU window manager bitmap into a portable bitmap
cnodes - display information about specified cluster nodes
co - check out RCS revisions
col - filter reverse line-feeds and backspaces
comb - combine SCCS deltas
combine - combine images to create new images.
comm - select or reject lines common to two sorted files
command - execute a simple command
compact - compact and uncompact files, and cat them
compressdir - compress and expand data
compressdir - compress and expand data
configure - prepare source code to be built
convdate - convert time/date strings and numbers
convert - converts an input file using one image format to an output file with a differing image format.
cp - copy files and directory subtrees
cpio - copy file archives in and out
cpp - the C language preprocessor
cps - report process status
crontab - user crontab file
crypt - encode/decode files
csh - a shell (command interpreter) with C-like syntax
csplit - context split
ct - spawn getty to a remote terminal (call terminal)
ctags - create a tags file
cu - call another (UNIX) system; terminal emulator
cue - HP Character-Terminal User Environment (CUE)
cut - cut out (extract) selected fields of each line of a file
cxref - generate C program cross-reference
cxxdev - C++ Code Construction Tool and Class Browser
date - print or set the date and time
datebook - calendar and reminder program for X11
dbmonth_ps : dbmonth - datebook monthly calendar formatter for postscript printers
dbweek : et - Datebook weekly calendar formatter for laserjet printers
dbweek_ps : dbweek - datebook weekly calendar formatter for postscript printers
dc - desk calculator
dd - convert, reblock, translate, and copy a (tape) file
delta - make a delta (change) to an SCCS file
dem - C++ name demangler
deroff - remove nroff, tbl, and neqn constructs
detex - a filter to strip TeX commands from a .tex file.
diff - differential file and directory comparator
diff3 - 3-way differential file comparison
diffh : diff - differential file and directory comparator
diffmk - mark differences between files
dimp - phototypesetter filter for Imagen laser printers
dircmp - directory comparison
dirname - extract portions of path names
disable - enable/disable LP printers
display - display an image on any workstation running X
divpage - filters invoked by lp interface scripts
djpeg - decompress a JPEG file to an image file
domainname - set or display name of Network Information Service domain
dos2ux - convert ASCII file format
doschmod - change attributes of a DOS file
doscp - copy to or from DOS files
dosdf - report number of free disk clusters
dosll - list contents of DOS directories
dosls - list contents of DOS directories
dosmkdir - make a DOS directory
dosrmdir - remove DOS files or directories
dosrmdir - remove DOS files or directories
dscopy - copy files between NS systems
du - summarize disk usage
dumpmsg - create message catalog file for modification
dvi2ps - convert a DVI file to PostScript (PostScript is a trademark of Adobe Systems, Inc).
dvibit - display dvi file on bitgraph
dviconcat - concatenate DVI files
dvidmd - DVI previewer for DMD 5620 display
dvipage - display DVI files from TeX and LaTeX.
dvipr - print dvi version 2 files, produced by TeX82, to the Versatec
dvips - convert a TeX DVI file to PostScript
dviselect - extract pages from DVI files
dvisun - display dvi file on Sun II
dvitty - preview a dvi-file on an ordinary ascii terminal
dvitype - translate a dvi file for humans
echo - echo (print) arguments
eclipse - ECRC Common Logic Programming System
ed - text editor
edit - extended line-oriented text editor
egrep - search a file for a pattern
elm - process mail through screen-oriented interface
elmalias - create and verify elm user and system aliases
emacs - GNU project Emacs
emu - X Window System based extensible terminal emulator
enable - enable/disable LP printers
encaprun - SoftBench Encapsulator Run-Time Executor
encapsulate - SoftBench Encapsulator
env - set environment for command execution
etags - - generate tag file for Emacs ctags -- generate tag file for vi
etex - extended plain TeX
event - send event to trapd(1M)
ex - extended line-oriented text editor
expand - expand tabs to spaces, and vice versa
expr - evaluate arguments as an expression
expreserve - preserve editor buffer
ezview - View an Andrew "ez" format document
f77 - FORTRAN 77 compiler
factor - factor a number, generate large primes
false - return exit status zero or one respectively
fastmail - quick batch mail interface to a single address
faucet - a fixture for a BSD network pipe
fax2tiff - create a TIFF Class F fax file from raw fax data
fc : f77, fort77 - FORTRAN 77 compiler
fdb - C, C++, FORTRAN, Pascal symbolic debugger
fgrep - search a file for a pattern
fig2dev - translates Fig code to various graphics languages
fig2latex - translates Fig intermediate code into PiCTeX macros
fig2ps2tex - generate a TeX file for including a PostScript file
fig2tex - translates Fig intermediate code into PicTeX macros
file - determine file type
filter - filter incoming messages before adding to mailbox
find - find files
findaffix - Interactive spelling checking
findmsg - create message catalog file for modification
findroute - determine IP routing using SNMP requests
findstr - find strings for inclusion in message catalogs
finger - user information lookup program
fitstopgm - convert a FITS file into a portable graymap
fixman - fix manual pages for faster viewing with man(1)
fiz - analyze damaged zoo archive for data revovery
flex - fast lexical analyzer generator
flexdoc - documentation for flex, fast lexical analyzer generator
fm2html - Convert FrameMaker documents and books to HTML. Converts FrameMaker MIF files as well. VERSION 0.8.7
fold - fold long lines for finite width output device
fontdl - filters invoked by lp interface scripts
fontmag - magnify an RST font
forder - convert file data order
fort77 - FORTRAN 77 compiler
frm - list from and subject of selected messages in mailbox or folder
from - who is my mail from?
fs - X font server
fsplit - split f77, ratfor, or efl files
fstopgm - convert a Usenix FaceSaver(tm) file into a portable graymap
ftio - faster tape I/O
ftp - file transfer program
ftpcount - show current number of users for each class Syntax ftpcount
ftpwho - show current process information for each ftp user. Syntax ftpwho
funzip - extract from a ZIP archive file as a filter
g++ - GNU project C++ Compiler
g3topbm - convert a Group 3 fax file into a portable bitmap
gas : GNU as - -the portable GNU assembler.
gawk - pattern scanning and processing language
gcc - GNU project C and C++ Compiler (v2.7)
gdb - The GNU Debugger
gemtopbm - convert a GEM .img file into a portable bitmap
gencat - generate a formatted message catalog file
genwidth - generate a width table for device independent troff
geqn - format equations for troff
get - get a version of an SCCS file
getaccess - list access rights to file(s)
getactive - retrieve the active file from the remote news server
getconf - get system configuration values
getcontext - display current context
getfilename - Ask the user to name a file in a given format
getlist - get a list from an NNTP server
getopt - parse command options
getopts - parse utility (command) options
getprivgrp - get special attributes for group
gftodvi - make proof sheets from generic font files
gftopk - convert generic font files to packed font files
gftopxl - convert generic font files to pixel (pxl) format
gftype - translate a generic font file for humans to read
ghostview - View PostScript documents using ghostscript
gif2tiff - create a TIFF file from a GIF87 format image file
giftopnm - convert a GIF file into a portable anymap
giftoppm - convert a GIF file into a portable pixmap
gindxbib - make inverted index for bibliographic databases
glance - GlancePlus System performance monitor for HP-UX
glcheck - check the content and size of a grasp library
glookbib - search bibliographic databases
glunpack - make or extract a grasp library file.
gmake - GNU make utility to maintain groups of programs
gnroff - emulate nroff command with groff
gnuplot - an interactive plotting program
gnutex - an interactive plotting program with LaTeX support
gouldtoppm - convert Gould scanner file into a portable pixmap
gperf - generate a perfect hash function from a key set
gpic - compile pictures for troff or TeX
gpm - GlancePlus - Motif mode - System performance monitor for HP-UX
gprof++ - display call graph profile data for C++
gprof - display call graph profile data
graphinfo - identify graphics subsystem configuration
grefer - preprocess bibliographic references for groff
grep - search a file for a pattern
grephistory - display file names from Usenet history file
grget - get password and group information
grodvi - convert groff output to TeX dvi format
groff - front end for the groff document formatting system
grog - guess options for groff command
grops - PostScript driver for groff
grotty - groff driver for typewriter-like devices
groups - show group memberships
gs - Ghostscript version 2.6 interpreter/previewer
gsoelim - interpret .so requests in groff input
gtbl - format tables for troff
gtroff - format documents
gunzip - compress or expand files
gwindstop - terminate the window helper facility
gzexe - compress executable files in place
gzip - compress or expand files
h2ph - convert .h C header files to .ph Perl header files
hashcheck - find spelling errors
hashmake - find spelling errors
head - give first few lines
help - ask for help
helpgen - The Help Family Collector.
helpprintrst - The HP Help Print Programs.
helptag - Driver program to process HP Help System documents
helpview - The HP Help viewer.
hier - show filesystem hierarchy
hipstopgm - convert a HIPS file into a portable graymap
hose - the client end of a BSD network pipe
hostname - set or print name of current host system
hp-mc680x0 : hp9000s200, hp9000s300, hp9000s500, hp9000s800, pdp11, u3b, u3b5, vax - provide truth value about your processor type
hp-pa : hp9000s200, hp9000s300, hp9000s500, hp9000s800, pdp11, u3b, u3b5, vax - provide truth value about your processor type
hp - handle special functions of HP2640 and HP2621-series terminals
hp9000s200 - provide truth value about your processor type
hp9000s300 - provide truth value about your processor type
hp9000s400 : hp9000s200, hp9000s300, hp9000s500, hp9000s800, pdp11, u3b, u3b5, vax - provide truth value about your processor type
hp9000s500 - provide truth value about your processor type
hp9000s700 : hp9000s200, hp9000s300, hp9000s500, hp9000s800, pdp11, u3b, u3b5, vax - provide truth value about your processor type
hp9000s800 - provide truth value about your processor type
hpcdtoppm - convert a Photo-CD file into a portable pixmap
hpterm - X window system Hewlett-Packard terminal emulator.
hyphen - find hyphenated words
i2ps - convert ISO Latin1 text to PostScript
icontopbm - convert a Sun icon into a portable bitmap
iconv - code set conversion
id - print user and group IDs and names
ident - identify files in RCS
identify - describe the format and characteristics of one or more image files.
ied - input editor and command history for interactive programs
ilbmtoppm - convert an ILBM file into a portable pixmap
imageview - display bit-mapped image files on an X11 display
imake - C preprocessor interface to the make utility
imgtoppm - convert an Img-whatnot file into a portable pixmap
import - capture some or all of an X server screen and save the image to a file.
index - index processor for converting LaTeX idx files ORIGIN TRW
inews - send a Usenet article to the local news server for distribution
info - GNU's hypertext system
initex - initial TeX
innconfval - get an InterNetNews configuration parameter
insertmsg - use findstr(1) output to insert calls to catgets(3C)
installit - file/directory installation tool
intro - introduction to command utilities and application programs
inv - make unprintable characters in a file visible or invisible
iostat - report I/O statistics
ipcrm - remove a message queue, semaphore set or shared memory id
ipcs - report inter-process communication facilities status
ipmap - display map of network discovered by netmon using HP Openview Windows
iptex - print DVI files on the Imagen
ircII - interface to the Internet Relay Chat system
ircII - interface to the Internet Relay Chat system
ispell - Interactive spelling checking
isql - ALLBASE/SQL interactive SQL interface
itbit - IS68K bitmap to TeX using \special commands
ivmkmf - create a Makefile from an InterViews Imakefile
join - relational database operator
kermit - kermit file transfer
keysh - context-sensitive softkey shell
kill - terminate a process
ksh - shell, the standard/restricted command programming language
lsx - list contents of directories
lacheck - A consistency checker for LaTeX documents.
lamstex - structured text formatting and typesetting
lasergnu - gnutex to an IMAGEN printer
lastcomm - show last commands executed in reverse order
latex - structured text formatting and typesetting
latex2rtf - Converts LaTeX file to RTF text-format
lb_find - get a list of glb server daemons and their attributes
ld - link editor
leave - remind you when you have to leave
less - opposite of more
lesskey - specify key bindings for less
lex - generate programs for lexical analysis of text
lifcp - copy to or from LIF files
lifinit - write LIF volume header on file
lifls - list contents of a LIF directory
lifrename - rename LIF files
lifrm - remove a LIF file
line - read one line from user input
lint - a C program checker/verifier
lintfor - FORTRAN inter-procedural checker
lisp - HP Common Lisp environment
lispbench - LISP SoftBench interface tool
lispmtopgm - convert a Lisp Machine bitmap file into pgm format
listalias - list user and system aliases
lkbib - search bibliographic databases
ll - list contents of directories
ln - link files and directories
lndir - create a shadow directory of symbolic links to another directory tree
loadhosts - load xnm(1) database from /etc/hosts
locale - get locale-specific (NLS) information
lock - reserve a terminal
logger - make entries in the system log
login - sign on
logname - get login name
lorder - find ordering relation for an object library
lpalt - send/cancel/alter requests to an LP line printer or plotter
lpalt - send/cancel/alter requests to an LP line printer or plotter
lpfilter - filters invoked by lp interface scripts
lprpp - filters invoked by lp interface scripts
lpstat - print LP status information
lrom - fast, keyword access to HP LaserROM CD-ROM information
lsx - list contents of directories
ls_admin - Display and edit the license server database
ls_rpt - Report on license server events
ls_stat - Display the status of the license server system
ls_targetid - Prints information about the local NetLS target id.
ls_tv - Verify that Network License Servers are working
lsacl - list access control lists (ACLs) of files
lsf - list contents of directories
lsr - list contents of directories
lsx - list contents of directories
lynx - a general purpose distributed information browser for the World Wide Web
m4 - macro processor
machid : hp9000s200, hp9000s300, hp9000s500, hp9000s800, pdp11, u3b, u3b5, vax - provide truth value about your processor type
macptopbm - convert a MacPaint file into a portable bitmap
mail - send mail to users or read mail
mailfrom - summarize mail folders by subject and sender
mailstats - print mail traffic statistics
mailto-hebrew : mailto - hebrew - Run the mailto program to send Hebrew/English mail
mailto - Simple mutlimedia mail sending program
mailx - interactive message processing system
make - maintain, update, and regenerate groups of programs
makedepend - create dependencies in makefiles
makeindex - a general purpose, formatter-independent index processor
makekey - generate encryption key
makepsres - Build PostScript resource directory file.
makepsres.bak : makepsres - Build PostScript resource directory file.
man - find manual information by keywords; print out a manual entry
mapdump - print xnm(1) map database to standard output
mapsnap - snapshot xnm(1) map database
math - Mathematica mathematics system
math.bak : math - Mathematica mathematics system
mathremote : math - Mathematica mathematics system
mathremote.bak : math - Mathematica mathematics system
mattrib - change MSDOS file attribute flags
max - directory browser (X-based)
mc - MOCKA, Modula-2 Compiler Karlsruhe running on HP 9000/720 workstation via C
mcc - MathLink template file compiler
mcc.bak : mcc - MathLink template file compiler
mcd - change MSDOS directory
mcopy - copy MSDOS files to/from Unix
mdel - delete an MSDOS file
mdir - display an MSDOS directory
mediainit - initialize disk or cartridge tape media, partition DDS tape
merge - three-way file merge
mesg - permit or deny messages to terminal
messages - quick count of messages in mailbox or folder
metamail - infrastructure for mailcap-based multimedia mail handling
metasend - Crude interface for sending non-text mail
mf - Metafont, a language for alphabet design
mformat - add an MSDOS filesystem to a low-level formatted diskette.
mft - translate Metafont code to TeX code for prettyprinting
mftp - Motif X interface to ftp.
mgrtopbm - convert a MGR bitmap into a portable bitmap
midaemon - HP-UX Performance Measurement Interface daemon.
mif2mif - change the names of paragraph formats and character formats in FrameMaker documents VERSION 1.1
miftags - produce specification files needed by mif2mif and mif2html to translate FrameMaker MIF documents VERSION 1.1
MIME - - Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
mkdir - make a directory
mkdirhier - makes a directory hierarchy
mkfifo - make FIFO (named pipe) special files
mkfontdir - create fonts.dir file from directory of font files
mkmanifest - create a shell script to restore Unix filenames
mkmf - make a makefile
mkstr - extract error messages from C source into a file
mktemp - make a name for a temporary file
mkuupath - access and manage the pathalias database
mlabel - make an MSDOS volume label
mm - print documents formatted with the mm macros
mmd - make an MSDOS subdirectory
mmencode - Translate to and from mail-oriented encoding formats
model - print detailed hardware model information
mogrify - transform an image or sequence of images
montage - creates a composite image by combining several separate images
more - file perusal filter for crt viewing
motifps - display utility for Mathematica under the X Window System
motifps.bak : motifps - display utility for Mathematica under the X Window System
mpack - pack a file in MIME format
mpeg_play - plays mpeg-1 encoded bitstreams using X11
mpeginfo - info program for MPEG-files [Version 1.0]
mrd - remove an MSDOS subdirectory
mread - low level read (copy) an MSDOS file to Unix
mren - rename an existing MSDOS file
mt - magnetic tape manipulating program
Mtools - a collection of tools for manipulating MSDOS files
mtvtoppm - convert output from the MTV or PRT ray tracers into a portable pixmap
mtype - display contents of an MSDOS file
munchlist - Interactive spelling checking
munpack - unpack messages in MIME or split-uuencode format
mv - move or rename files and directories
mwm - The Motif Window Manager
mwrite - low level write (copy) a Unix file to MSDOS
NcFTP - Internet file transfer program
neqn - format mathematical text for nroff
netcheck - check network connectivity
netlsd - Starts the license server
netstat - show network status
newalias - install new elm aliases for user and/or system
newform - change or reformat a text file
newgrp - log in to a new group
newmail - notify users of new mail in mailboxes
news - print news items
nice - run a command at non-default priority
nidl - Network Interface Definition Language Compiler
nl - line numbering filter
nljust - justify lines, left or right, for printing
nlsinfo - display native language support information
nm++ - print name list of common object file.
nm - print name list of common object file.
nm_300 : nm - print name list of common object file
nm_400 : nm - print name list of common object file
nm_700 : nm - print name list of object file
nm_800 : nm - print name list of object file
nmchgrp - change file owners, file group, and file mode of all network management files associated with xnm(1)
nmchmod - change file owners, file group, and file mode of all network management files associated with xnm(1)
nmchown - change file owners, file group, and file mode of all network management files associated with xnm(1)
nmdemandpoll - poll a node for information
nn - efficient net news interface (No News is good news)
nncheck - check for unread articles
nngoback - make news articles unread on a day-by-day basis (nn)
nngrab - news retrieval by keyword (nn)
nngrep - grep for news group names (nn)
nnpost - post news articles (nn)
nntidy - tidy your personal .newsrc file
nntpget - get Usenet articles from a remote NNTP server
nntpxmit - transmit netnews articles to a remote NNTP server
nodename - assign a network node name or determine current network node name
nohup - run a command immune to hangups, logouts, and quits
nroff - format text
nslookup - query name servers interactively
od - octal and hexadecimal dump
on - execute command on remote host with environment similar to local
osdd - print documents formatted with the mm macros
ovhelp - OpenView Windows help subsystem
ovw - OpenView Windows graphical user interface
ovwchgrp : ovwperms - OpenView Windows map permission listing and changing ovwchown - command equivalent to using -u option with ovperms ovwchgrp - command equivalent to using -g option with ovperms ovwchmod-command equivalent to using -m option with ovperms ovwls - command equivalent to using -l option with ovperms
ovwchmod : ovwperms - OpenView Windows map permission listing and changing ovwchown - command equivalent to using -u option with ovperms ovwchgrp - command equivalent to using -g option with ovperms ovwchmod-command equivalent to using -m option with ovperms ovwls - command equivalent to using -l option with ovperms
ovwchown : ovwperms - OpenView Windows map permission listing and changing ovwchown - command equivalent to using -u option with ovperms ovwchgrp - command equivalent to using -g option with ovperms ovwchmod-command equivalent to using -m option with ovperms ovwls - command equivalent to using -l option with ovperms
ovwls : ovwperms - OpenView Windows map permission listing and changing ovwchown - command equivalent to using -u option with ovperms ovwchgrp - command equivalent to using -g option with ovperms ovwchmod-command equivalent to using -m option with ovperms ovwls - command equivalent to using -l option with ovperms
ovwperms - OpenView Windows map permission listing and changing ovwchown - command equivalent to using -u option with ovperms ovwchgrp - command equivalent to using -g option with ovperms ovwchmod-command equivalent to using -m option with ovperms ovwls - command equivalent to using -l option with ovperms
pack - compress and expand files
padem - Pad emulation for X.25/9000 interface with PAD support
page - file perusal filter for crt viewing
pal2rgb - convert a palette color TIFF image to a full color image
pam - Personal Applications Manager, a visual shell
passwd - change login password
paste - merge same lines of several files or subsequent lines of one file
patch-metamail : patch - metamail - Install a patch to the latest metamail release
patch - a program for applying a diff file to an original
patgen - generate patterns for TeX hyphenation
pathalias - electronic address router
pathto - calculate mail paths
pax - portable archive exchange
pbmclean - flip isolated pixels in portable bitmap
pbmlife - apply Conway's rules of Life to a portable bitmap
pbmmake - create a blank bitmap of a specified size
pbmmask - create a mask bitmap from a regular bitmap
pbmpscale - enlarge a portable bitmap with edge smoothing
pbmreduce - read a portable bitmap and reduce it N times
pbmtext - render text into a bitmap
pbmto10x - convert a portable bitmap into Gemini 10X printer graphics
pbmto4425 - Display PBM images on an AT&T 4425 terminal
pbmtoascii - convert a portable bitmap into ASCII graphics
pbmtoatk - convert portable bitmap to Andrew Toolkit raster object
pbmtobbnbg : pbmtobg - convert a portable bitmap into BitGraph graphics
pbmtocmuwm - convert a portable bitmap into a CMU window manager bitmap
pbmtoepsi - convert a portable bitmap into an encapsulated PostScript style preview bitmap
pbmtoepson - convert a portable bitmap into Epson printer graphics
pbmtog3 - convert a portable bitmap into a Group 3 fax file
pbmtogem - convert a portable bitmap into a GEM .img file
pbmtogo - convert a portable bitmap into compressed GraphOn graphics
pbmtoicon - convert a portable bitmap into a Sun icon
pbmtolj - convert a portable bitmap into HP LaserJet format
pbmtoln03 - convert protable bitmap to DEC LN03+ Sixel output
pbmtolps - convert portable bitmap to PostScript
pbmtomacp - convert a portable bitmap into a MacPaint file
pbmtomgr - convert a portable bitmap into a MGR bitmap
pbmtopgm - convert portable bitmap to portable graymap by averaging areas
pbmtopi3 - convert a portable bitmap into an Atari Degas .pi3 file
pbmtopk - convert a portable bitmap into a packed (PK) format font
pbmtoplot - convert a portable bitmap into a Unix plot(5) file
pbmtoptx - convert a portable bitmap into Printronix printer graphics
pbmtox10bm - convert a portable bitmap into an X10 bitmap
pbmtoxbm - convert a portable bitmap into an X11 bitmap
pbmtoybm : pgmtoybm - convert a portable bitmap into a Bennet Yee "face" file
pbmtozinc - convert a portable bitmap into a Zinc bitmap
pbmupc - create a Universal Product Code bitmap
pc - Pascal compiler
pcat - compress and expand files
pcltrans - translate a Starbase bitmap file into PCL raster graphics format.
pcxtoppm - convert a PCX file into a portable pixmap
pdb - C, C++, FORTRAN, Pascal symbolic debugger
pdp11 - provide truth value about your processor type
perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
perl5 : perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
perlbook - Perl book information
perldata - Perl data structures
perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
perlembed - how to embed perl in your C or C++ app
perlform - Perl formats
perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
perlguts - Perl's Internal Functions
perlipc - Perl interprocess communication
perlmod - Perl modules (packages)
perlobj - Perl objects
perlop - Perl operators and precedence
perlovl - perl overloading semantics
perlpod : pod - plain old documentation
perlre - Perl regular expressions
perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
perlsec - Perl security
perlstyle - Perl style guide
perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
pfbtops - translate a PostScript font in .pfb format to ASCII
pg - file perusal filter for soft-copy terminals
pgmbentley - Bentleyize a portable graymap
pgmcrater - create cratered terrain by fractal forgery
pgmedge - edge-detect a portable graymap
pgmenhance - edge-enhance a portable graymap
pgmhist - print a histogram of the values in a portable graymap
pgmnoise - create a graymap made up of white noise
pgmnorm - normalize the contrast in a portable graymap
pgmoil - turn a portable graymap into an oil painting
pgmramp - generate a grayscale ramp
pgmtexture - calculate textural features on a portable graymap
pgmtofits - convert a portable graymap into FITS format
pgmtofs - convert portable graymap to Usenix FaceSaver(tm) format
pgmtolispm - convert a portable graymap into Lisp Machine format
pgmtopbm - convert a portable graymap into a portable bitmap
pgmtoppm - colorize a portable graymap into a portable pixmap
pgp - Pretty Good Privacy encryption system
pi1toppm - convert an Atari Degas .pi1 into a portable pixmap
pi3topbm - convert an Atari Degas .pi3 file into a portable bitmap
pic2fig - Fig preprocessor for drawing simple pictures
pic2tpic - Convert pic files to tpic format
picttoppm - convert a Macintosh PICT file into a portable pixmap