HPUX kill[1]

 kill(1)                                                             kill(1)





 NAME
      kill - terminate a process

 SYNOPSIS
      kill -s signal_name pid ...
      kill -l

    Obsolescent Versions:
      kill - signal_number] pid ...
      kill - signal_name] pid ...

 DESCRIPTION
      kill utility sends a signal to the process(es) specified by each pid
      operand.

      By default, kill sends signal SIGTERM to the specified processes.
      This normally kills processes that do not catch or ignore the signal.

      The process number of each asynchronous process started with & is
      reported by the shell (unless more than one process is started in a
      pipeline, in which case the number of the last process in the pipeline
      is reported).  Process numbers can also be found by using the ps
      command (see ps(1)).

      The killed process must belong to the current user unless the current
      user is a user with appropriate privileges.

      If a signal number or a signal name preceded by - is given as the
      first argument, that signal is sent instead of SIGTERM (see
      signal(5)).  In particular, kill -KILL ...  is a sure kill.  If the
      first argument is a negative integer, it is interpreted as a signal
      number, not as a negative pid (process group).

      A signal name can be any of the signal names listed in signal(5) with
      or without the SIG prefix.  In addition, SIGNULL is recognized and
      represents the signal value 0.  Uppercase and lowercase letters in
      signal names are treated as equivalent.

      For each pid operand, kill performs actions equivalent to the kill()
      function called with the following arguments:

           o  The pid argument to the kill() function is taken from the pid
              argument to the kill command.  For example, if pid 0 is
              specified, all processes in the process group are signaled.

           o  The sig argument to kill() is the value specified by the -s
              option, -signal_number option, the -signal_name option, or by
              SIGTERM if none of these options is specified.

 OPTIONS
      kill recognizes the following options:



 Hewlett-Packard Company            - 1 -     HP-UX Release 9.0: August 1992






 kill(1)                                                             kill(1)





           -l                (ell) Write all values of signal_name supported
                             by the implementation.  No signals are sent
                             with this option.  When -l option is specified,
                             the symbolic name of each signal is written in
                             the following format:

                                  %s%c,signal_name,separator

                             where signal_name is in uppercase without the
                             SIG prefix, and the separator is either a new-
                             line or a space character.  For the last signal
                             written, separator is a new-line character.

           -ssignal_name     Specify the signal to send.  Values of
                             signal_name are recognized in a
                             uppercase/lowercase-independent fashion,
                             without the SIG prefix.  These values can be
                             obtained by using the -l option.  In addition,
                             the symbolic name 0 is recognized, representing
                             the signal value zero.  The corresponding
                             signal is sent instead of SIGTERM.

           -signal_name      (Obsolescent) Equivalent to -ssignal_name.

           -signal_number    (Obsolescent) Specify a non-negative decimal
                             integer, signal_number, representing the signal
                             to be used instead of SIGTERM, as the sig
                             argument in the effective call to kill():

                                  signal_number       sig Value
                                    0                 0
                                    1                 SIGHUP
                                    2                 SIGINT
                                    3                 SIGQUIT
                                    6                 SIGABRT
                                    9                 SIGKILL
                                    4                 SIGALRM
                                    5                 SIGTERM

 RETURN VALUE
      Upon completion, kill returns with one of the following values:

            0   At least one matching process was found for each pid
                operand, and the specified signal was successfully processed
                for at least one matching process.

           >0   An error occurred.

 EXAMPLES
      The command:




 Hewlett-Packard Company            - 2 -     HP-UX Release 9.0: August 1992






 kill(1)                                                             kill(1)





           kill 6135

      signals process number 6135 to terminate (assuming you own the
      process).  This gives the process an opportunity to exit gracefully
      (removing temporary files, etc.).

      The commands:

           kill -9 6135
           kill -SIGKILL 6135
           kill -KILL 6135
           kill -s KILL 6135
           kill -s kill 6135

      terminate process number 6135 by sending a SIGKILL signal to the
      process (assuming you own the process).  This tells the kernel to
      remove the process immediately.

 WARNINGS
      If a process hangs during some operation (such as I/O) so that it is
      never scheduled, it cannot die until it is allowed to run.  Thus, such
      a process may never go away after the kill.  Similarly, defunct
      processes (see ps(1)) may have already finished executing, but remain
      on the system until their parent reaps them (see wait(2)).  Using kill
      to send signals to them has no effect.

      Some non-HP-UX implementations provide kill only as a shell built-in
      utility.

 SEE ALSO
      csh(1), ksh(1), ps(1), sh-posix(1), sh(1), kill(2), wait(2),
      signal(5).

 STANDARDS CONFORMANCE
      kill: SVID2, XPG2, XPG3, POSIX.2



















 Hewlett-Packard Company            - 3 -     HP-UX Release 9.0: August 1992