HPUX more[1]
more(1) more(1)
NAME
more, page - file perusal filter for crt viewing
SYNOPSIS
more [-n] [-cdflsu] [+linenumber] [+/pattern] [name ...]
page [-n] [-cdflsu] [+linenumber] [+/pattern] [name ...]
REMARKS:
pg is preferred in some standards and has some added functionality,
but does not support character highlighting (see pg(1)).
DESCRIPTION
more is a filter for examining continuous text, one screenful at a
time, on a soft-copy terminal. It is quite similar to pg, and is
retained primarily for backward compatibility. more normally pauses
after each screenful, printing --More-- at the bottom of the screen.
To display one more line, press Return. To display another screenful,
press the space bar. Other possibilities are described later.
more and page differ only slightly. more scrolls the screen upward as
it prints the next page. page clears the screen and prints a new
screenful of text when it prints a new page. Both provide one line of
overlap between screenfuls.
name can be a filename or -, specifying standard input. more
processes file arguments in the order given, and does not process
standard input if file arguments are present, unless standard input is
specifically identified by using the - filename argument (see EXAMPLES
below).
more supports the Basic Regular Expression syntax (see regexp(5)).
more recognizes the following command line options:
-n Use a window size of n lines instead of the
default (n is an integer).
-c Draw each page by beginning at the top of the
screen, and erase each line just before drawing on
it. This avoids scrolling the screen, making it
easier to read while more is writing. This option
is ignored if the terminal has no clear-to-end-
of-line capability.
-d Prompt user with the message Press space to
continue, q to abort at the end of each screenful.
This is useful if more is being used as a filter
in some setting, such as a training class, where
many users might be unsophisticated.
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more(1) more(1)
-f Count logical lines, rather than screen lines.
That is, long lines are not folded. This option
is recommended if nroff output is being piped
through ul, since the latter can generate escape
sequences. These escape sequences contain
characters that would ordinarily occupy screen
positions, but which do not print when sent to the
terminal as part of an escape sequence. Thus more
might assume lines are longer than they really
are, and fold lines erroneously.
-l Do not treat ^L (form feed) specially. If this
option is not given, more pauses after any line
that contains a ^L, as if the end of a screenful
had been reached. Also, if a file begins with a
form feed, the screen is cleared before the file
is printed.
-s Squeeze multiple blank lines from the output,
producing only one blank line. Especially helpful
when viewing nroff output, this option maximizes
the useful information present on the screen.
-u Normally, more handles underlining and bold such
as produced by nroff in a manner appropriate to
the particular terminal: if the terminal supports
underlining or has a highlighting (usually
inverse-video) mode, more outputs appropriate
escape sequences to enable underlining, else
highlighting mode, for underlined information in
the source file. If the terminal supports
highlighting, more uses that mode information that
should be printed in boldface type. The -u option
suppresses this processing, as do the "ul" and
"os" terminfo flags.
+linenumber Start listing at linenumber.
+/pattern Start listing two lines before the line matching
the regular expression pattern.
If the program is invoked as page instead of more, the screen is
cleared before printing each screenful (but only if a full screenful
is being printed), and k - 1 rather than k - 2 lines are printed in
each screenful, where k is the number of lines the terminal can
display.
more uses terminfo descriptor files to determine terminal
characteristics and to determine the default window size (see
term(4)). On a terminal capable of displaying 24 lines, the default
window size is 22 lines.
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more(1) more(1)
more uses the environment variable MORE to preset any flags desired.
For example, to view files using the -c mode of operation, the shell
command sequence
MORE='-c' ; export MORE
or the csh command
setenv MORE -c
causes all invocations of more, including invocations by programs such
as man and msgs, to use this mode. The command sequence that sets up
the MORE environment variable is usually placed in the .profile or
.cshrc file.
If more is reading from a file, rather than a pipe, a percentage is
displayed along with the --More-- prompt. This gives the fraction of
the file (in characters, not lines) that has been read so far.
Other sequences that can be typed when more pauses, and their effects,
are as follows (i is an optional integer argument, defaulting to 1):
i<space> Display i more lines, (or another screenful if no
argument is given).
^D Display 11 more lines (a "scroll"). If i is
given, the scroll size is set to i.
d Same as ^D (control-D).
iz Same as typing a space except that i, if present,
becomes the new window size.
is Skip i lines and print a screenful of lines.
if Skip i screenfuls and print a screenful of lines.
q or Q Exit from more.
= Display the current line number.
v Start up the editor vi at the current line.
h Help command; give a description of all the more
commands.
i/expr Search for the i-th occurrence of the regular
expression expr. If there are fewer than i
occurrences of expr and the input is a file
(rather than a pipe), the position in the file
remains unchanged. Otherwise, a screenful is
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more(1) more(1)
displayed, starting two lines before the place
where the expression was found. The user's erase
and kill characters can be used to edit the
regular expression. Erasing back past the first
column cancels the search command.
in Search for the i-th occurrence of the last regular
expression entered.
' (single quote) Go to the point from which the last
search started. If no search has been performed
in the current file, this command goes back to the
beginning of the file.
!command Invoke a shell with command. The characters % and
! in command are replaced with the current file
name and the previous shell command, respectively.
If there is no current file name, % is not
expanded. The sequences \% and \! are replaced by
% and ! respectively.
i:n Skip to the i-th next file given in the command
line (skips to last file if n does not make
sense).
i:p Skip to the i-th previous file given in the
command line. If this command is given in the
middle of printing out a file, more goes back to
the beginning of the file. If i does not make
sense, more skips back to the first file. If more
is not reading from a file, the bell is rung and
nothing else happens.
:f Display the current file name and line number.
:q or :Q Exit from more (same as q or Q).
. (dot) Repeat the previous command.
The commands take effect immediately; i.e., it is not necessary to
press Return. Up to the time when the command character itself is
given, the line-kill character can be used to cancel the numerical
argument being formed. In addition, to redisplay the --More--(xx%),
press the erase character.
The quit key (normally Ctrl-\) can be used at any time when output is
being sent to the terminal. more stops sending output, and displays
the usual --More-- prompt. One of the above commands can then be
entered in the normal manner. Unfortunately, some output is lost when
this is done, due to the fact that any characters waiting in the
terminal's output queue are flushed when the quit signal occurs.
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more(1) more(1)
more sets the terminal noecho mode so that the output can be
continuous. Thus, what you type does not show on the terminal, except
for the / and ! commands.
If the standard output is not a teletype, more is equivalent to
cat(1), except that a header is printed before each file (if more than
one is specified).
more supports the SIGWINCH signal, and redraws the screen in response
to window size changes.
EXTERNAL INFLUENCES
Environment Variables
LC_COLLATE determines the collating sequence used in evaluating
regular expressions.
LC_CTYPE determines the interpretation of text as single and/or
multi-byte characters, the classification of characters as printable,
and the characters matched by character class expressions in regular
expressions.
LANG determines the language in which messages are displayed.
If LC_COLLATE or LC_CTYPE is not specified in the environment or is
set to the empty string, the value of LANG is used as a default for
each unspecified or empty variable. If LANG is not specified or is
set to the empty string, a default of "C" (see lang(5)) is used
instead of LANG. If any internationalization variable contains an
invalid setting, more behaves as if all internationalization variables
are set to "C". See environ(5).
International Code Set Support
Single- and multi-byte character code sets are supported.
EXAMPLES
To view a simple file, use:
more filename
To preview nroff output, use a command resembling:
nroff -mm +2 doc.n | more -s
If the file contains tables, use:
tbl file | nroff -mm | col | more -s
To display file stuff in a fifteen line-window and convert multiple
adjacent blank lines into a single blank line:
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more(1) more(1)
more -s -15 stuff
When mixing standard input and filename arguments, use - as follows:
Display file1 from standard input followed by file2:
cat file1 |more - file2
In this form, the - is missing, and only file2 is displayed
(standard input is ignored):
cat file1 |more file2
FILES
/usr/lib/more.help help file
/usr/lib/terminfo/?/* compiled terminal capability data base
VARIABLES
MORE Default paging mode.
AUTHOR
more was developed by the University of California, Berkeley.
SEE ALSO
csh(1), man(1), pg(1), sh(1), term(4), terminfo(4), environ(5),
lang(5), regexp(5).
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